[Last Updated 1996]
This page refers to the Mbone multicast tools available in the 1990's.
For current conferencing tools, see
TRIUMF Computing Services
Internet conferencing tools at TRIUMF
I have assembled a set of Internet conferencing tools that are available
for most of the Unix platforms. There are four main classes of tool:
These tools may be used either point-to-point, or
multicast within TRIUMF.
We have a connection to the global mbone
so we can operate multicast to other sites.
Session Directory
This tool (sd) receives session description packets from the MBone and
displays them on an X-terminal. Users may connect to a conference by
using sd to open it. sd's default behaviour (to launch nv, vat, wb)
may be overridden by the users personal ~/.sd.tcl file, eg. to
launch nevot or vic instead. Use the sd.tcl below to get audio on
NCD terminals from an alpha.
Note that you may manually launch any of the tools, giving the address,
port, and other information on the command line. sd is just
a convenient way to do this automatically. (It's also used to get new, random addresses
that don't conflict with existing sessions if you are creating your own
conference.) One problem with sd is that only one copy can run on
one machine - it's designed to run on a workstation, not a server.
sd README file
~/.sd.tcl for NAS, nv
Whiteboard
Like Xpaint or Pbrush, it allows two or more users to simultaneously write on
an X-window. It uses objects rather than bitmap, so is correspondingly more
efficient in terms of bandwidth. It allows import of text files, and a
slideshow of pre-prepared PostScript pages. It has a default 32Kb page limit,
which may be over-ridden by specifying a P parameter, eg.
wb -P 90000 joe.cool.com
The compression utility lzps should be used to compress PostScript files
before transmission. Note, however, that although L-Z compressed PostScript
is understood by wb and GhostScript, many printers cannot deal with it.
The whiteboard tool is the LBL conference tool wb.
wb will run on any X11 terminal connected to an Alpha, Ultrix, Sun
or SGI system, and would be a useful point-to-point adjunct to a regular telephone.
wb README file
lblwb.ps wb documentation
Video
There are several video tools (vic, ivs, nv)
which allow one to send and receive
slow-scan video pictures. One, nv, allows the user to capture
and send an arbitrary area of the X11 screen.
Ideally the video tools should be run at a workstation to reduce local net traffic,
though they will allow viewing at an X-terminal.
vic appears not to work on monochrome X-terminals.
I have a frame grabber on the Sun SPARCstation sundae (Trailer Gg room 33),
which may be used to send video if one can obtain a camera.
Note - this is a grabber, not a
full-motion video board, so it can't be used to make AVIs or MPEGs.
vic README file
ivs README file
nv README file
Audio
The tools (vat, nevot, ivs) are available for audio-capable workstations such as
Sun or SGI Indigo.
There is a package to run on the Alphas and play sound on
audio NCD X-terminals, though it lacks several features of the
workstation based tools. Note: You need the
custom sd.tcl to run this.
vat README file
nevot README file
nevot for NCD Audio README file
ivs README file
Multicast
The
SGI, Alpha and Linux machines are multicast capable. SunOS is
with a kernel patch (applied on sundae), as are I believe the Ultrix
machines. A multicast transmission within the TRIUMF subnet can be viewed on
several multicast capable machines at once with no increase in net traffic
(though retransmission to an X-terminal would result in extra traffic).
Multicast Addressing
Loosely speaking, multicast is a scheme for using ip addresses
224.0.0.0 through 239.0.0.0 to broadcast to several machines
simultaneously.
Addresses between 224.0.0.0 and 224.0.0.255 are reserved for
maintenance protocols and aren't forwarded off your subnet.
Usually one uses the session directory tool sd to pick
addresses and port numbers. This tool sends a multicast message with
information about the conference. Users at other machines simply click to join.
Without using sd, one must give an address & port number to the
tools. Typically one chooses a port above 2000.
For more detail about Multicast, see
this README.
Mbone
The
mbone, or experimental multicast backbone, is a scheme whereby
multicast network segments are linked together by unicast tunnels between
machines running a multicast router (mrouted).
For more information on the mbone, see
this list.
Most of the binaries for Alpha and Ultrix are installed in /triumfcs/local/bin
and should work using a standard PATH.
README files and example tcl scripts
Getting LBL Tools
The LBL tools may be found at
ftp://ee.lbl.gov/conferencing
if you need to upgrade or install them elsewhere. For other tools, you can
try some of the links in my mbone page.
AD